Professional/specialist Famous Names Starting with Letter N

Was a French philosopher and man of letters during the Age of Enlightenment. He composed several phi

Was a French philosopher and man of letters during the Age of Enlightenment. He composed several philosophical works in which he sought to come up with naturalistic explanations for superstitions and religious practices, all of which were published posthumously. His major works were Recherches sur l’origine du despotisme oriental (Research into the origins of oriental despotism - 1761) and l’Antiquité dévoilée par ses usages (Antiquity Unveiled),

Was a French astronomer and author. He is commonly referred to as Camille Flammarion.He was a prolif

Was a French astronomer and author. He is commonly referred to as Camille Flammarion.He was a prolific author of more than fifty titles, including popular science works about astronomy, several notable early science fiction novels, and several works about Spiritualism and related topics. He also published the magazine L'Astronomie, starting in 1882. He maintained a private observatory at Juvisy-sur-Orge, France.He was a founder and the first president of the Société Astronomique de France, which originally had its own independent journal, BSAF (Bulletin de la Société astronomique de France), first published in 1887. In January, 1895, after 13 volumes of L'Astronomie and 8 of BSAF, the two merged, making L'Astronomie the Bulletin of the Societé. The 1895 volume of the combined journal was numbered 9, to preserve the BSAF volume numbering, but this had the consequence that volumes 9 to 13 of L'Astronomie can each refer to two different publications, five years apart of each other.[1

Was a French Jesuit, a theorist of the passions. His treatise, The Holy Court Fourth Tome, was publi

Was a French Jesuit, a theorist of the passions. His treatise, The Holy Court Fourth Tome, was published in 1638. This work gives a Christianized account of what he calls the four principal passions: Love, Desire, Anger, and Envy, as well as many variants and sub-genres of these types. The intent of the work is to instruct the proper means for controlling these affects.

Was a French mathematician whose great work, Triparty en la science des nombres [1] [2], was unpubli

Was a French mathematician whose great work, Triparty en la science des nombres [1] [2], was unpublished in his lifetime. Most of it, however, was copied without attribution by Estienne de La Roche in his 1520 textbook, l'Arismetique. In the 1870s, scholar Aristide Marre discovered Chuquet's manuscript and published it in 1880. The manuscript contained notes in de la Roche's handwriting.

Was a French theologian, poet and historian born at Saint-Calais.[1] He entered the Dominican order

Was a French theologian, poet and historian born at Saint-Calais.[1] He entered the Dominican order and lectured on philosophy at Paris, being also ordinary preacher to Henry IV, and afterwards ambassador at Rome.

Was a Swiss Protestant Reformer and friend of Johannes Calvin. Nicolas Cop and his brother Michel Co

Was a Swiss Protestant Reformer and friend of Johannes Calvin. Nicolas Cop and his brother Michel Cop, sons of the king's physician, had become Calvin's friends during their shared time at the Collège de Montaigu.

Was a French Catholic theologian. He studied at the Jesuit college of Amiens, took the doctorate of

Was a French Catholic theologian. He studied at the Jesuit college of Amiens, took the doctorate of theology at the University of Paris, 1626, and soon became president of the Collège de Navarre and syndic of the Sorbonne (faculty of theology). In this latter capacity he reported to the assembly of the Sorbonne, 1649, seven propositions, two taken from Antoine Arnauld's Fréquente Communion and five from the Augustinus of Jansenius.

Was a French writer, hellenist and mathematician.

Was a French writer, hellenist and mathematician.

Was a French geologist.Desmarest was born at Soulaines, in the department of Aube. Of humble parenta

Was a French geologist.Desmarest was born at Soulaines, in the department of Aube. Of humble parentage, he was educated at the college of the Oratorians of Troyes and Paris. Taking full advantage of the instruction he received, he was able to support himself by teaching, and to continue his studies independently. Buffon's Theory of the Earth interested him, and in 1753 he successfully competed for a prize by writing an essay on the ancient connection between England and France. This attracted much attention, and ultimately led to his being employed in studying and reporting on manufactures in different countries, and in 1788 to his appointment as inspector-general of the manufactures of France.

Was a French Oratorian and rationalist philosopher. In his works, he sought to synthesize the though

Was a French Oratorian and rationalist philosopher. In his works, he sought to synthesize the thought of St. Augustine and Descartes, in order to demonstrate the active role of God in every aspect of the world. Malebranche is best known for his doctrines

Was an eighteenth-century French mathematician and scientist. He was born in Lyon, the son of the pa

Was an eighteenth-century French mathematician and scientist. He was born in Lyon, the son of the painter Daniel Sarrabat (1666–1748), and the nephew of engraver Isaac Sarrabat. The Sarrabats had been a prosperous Protestant bourgeois family of clock- and watchmakers, though Nicolas's father had converted to Catholicism.

Was a pioneer in both anatomy and geology. Already in 1659 he decided not to accept anything simply

Was a pioneer in both anatomy and geology. Already in 1659 he decided not to accept anything simply written in a book, instead resolving to do research himself.[2] He is considered the father of geology and stratigraphy.[1]On instigation of Thomas Bartholin Steno first travelled to Rostock, then to Amsterdam and studied anatomy under Gerard Blasius, focusing again on the Lymphatic system. Steno discovered a previously undescribed structure, the "ductus stenonianus" (the duct of the parotid salivary gland) in sheep, dog and rabbit heads. A dispute with Blasius over credit for the discovery arose, but Steno's name is associated with this structure.[3] Within a few months Steno moved to Leiden. There Steno met the students Jan Swammerdam, Frederik Ruysch, Reinier de Graaf, Franciscus de le Boe Sylvius, a famous professor, and Baruch Spinoza

Was a French theologian. In 1616 King Louis XIII founded at the Sorbonne a new chair of theology for

Was a French theologian. In 1616 King Louis XIII founded at the Sorbonne a new chair of theology for the study of the controversial questions between Catholics and Protestants. The professor in charge had to give on every working day an hour's lecture followed by a half hour of familiar conference with his auditors. Ysambert was appointed to this chair by the king, who in this instance had reserved to himself the nomination. This appointment, which was an honour in itself,

Was a French Catholic theologian. He was a critic of the philosophes, accusing them in particular of

Was a French Catholic theologian. He was a critic of the philosophes, accusing them in particular of distorting the facts on social life in China and Confucianism.[1]

Was a professor of medicine and mathematics at the University of Groningen.Mulerius was born Nicolaa

Was a professor of medicine and mathematics at the University of Groningen.Mulerius was born Nicolaas des Mulier(s), son of Pierre des Muliers and Claudia Le Vettre. He grew up in Bruges, where he was taught by Cruquius, among others. From 1582 he studied medicine at the University of Leiden, where Lipsius, Vulcanius, Snellius and Heurnius were teachers. In 1589 he married Christina Six and set up practice for 13 years in Harlingen.

Was a significant philosopher of the later Middle Ages. He wrote influential works on economics, mat

Was a significant philosopher of the later Middle Ages. He wrote influential works on economics, mathematics, physics, astronomy, philosophy,and theology; was Bishop of Lisieux, a translator, a counselor of King Charles V of France, and probably one of the most original thinkers of the 14th century.

Was a Greco-French Marxist political sociologist. In the 1970s, Poulantzas was known, along with Lou

Was a Greco-French Marxist political sociologist. In the 1970s, Poulantzas was known, along with Louis Althusser, as a leading Structural Marxist and while at first a Leninist, he eventually became a proponent of eurocommunism. He is most well-known for his theoretical work on the state.

Is an ornithologist and bird conservationist based at the Vertebrate Department of the Zoological Mu

Is an ornithologist and bird conservationist based at the Vertebrate Department of the Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen, researching various aspects of ornithology, especially bioacoustics and conservation; systematics and altitudinal replacements of Scytalopus tapaculos. Niels has spent many years in the Andes, especially Ecuador, and wrote the passerine section of Birds of the High Andes (1990) and the accounts of most Andean species in Threatened Birds of the Americas (1992).

Was a Dutch ethologist and ornithologist who shared the 1973 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine w

Was a Dutch ethologist and ornithologist who shared the 1973 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Karl von Frisch and Konrad Lorenz for their discoveries concerning organization and elicitation of individual and social behaviour patterns in animals.In the 1960s he collaborated with filmaker Hugh Falkus on a series of wildlife films, including The Riddle of the Rook (1972) and Signals for Survival (1969), which won the Italia prize in that year and the American blue ribbon in 1971.

Was a Russian religious and political philosopher.

Was a Russian religious and political philosopher.

Was a Russian astronomer/astrophysicist.He was born in St. Petersburg, and by 1928 he had graduated

Was a Russian astronomer/astrophysicist.He was born in St. Petersburg, and by 1928 he had graduated from the Leningrad State University. In 1931 he began working at the Pulkovo Observatory, located to the south of Leningrad. He was considered to be one of the most promising astrophysicists in Russia. Kozyrev was a victim of the Stalinist purges of the Pulkovo Observatory. Started by the accusations of a disgruntled graduate student, most of the observatory staff died as a result. Kozyrev was arrested in November 1936 and sentenced to 10 years for counterrevolutionary activity. In 1942, he was sentenced to be shot by firing squad, but the court later reversed its decision. He was released from prison in December 1946.

Was a Soviet Russian petroleum geologist. He is the founding father of modern abiogenic theory for o

Was a Soviet Russian petroleum geologist. He is the founding father of modern abiogenic theory for origin of petroleum, which states that petroleum is formed from non-biological sources of hydrocarbons located deep in the Earth's crust and mantle.He graduated from Leningrad Mining Institute in 1922, obtained a Dr.Sc. in Geology and Mineralogy in 1936, and become professor in 1941. Started his geological career in 1920 at the USSR Geological Committee. In 1929-1971 worked for All-Union Geological Research Institute (VNIGRI). He suffered from political repressions during Stalin’s regime for his unorthodox thinking, spending several years in GULAG camps in the Transpolar European Russia as “enemy of the people”. After that, he was prohibited from living or staying in central cities of USSR. His only son died defending the Brest Fortress in the beginning of Nazi aggression against USSR.

Was a Russian economist, who was a proponent of the New Economic Policy (NEP) in the Soviet Union. H

Was a Russian economist, who was a proponent of the New Economic Policy (NEP) in the Soviet Union. He was executed at the height of Stalin's Great Purge and "rehabilitated" fifty years later.He proposed a theory that Western capitalist economies have long term (50 to 60 years) cycles of boom followed by depression. These business cycles are now called "Kondratiev waves", or grand supercycles. In 1913, two Dutch economists, J. van Gelderen (1891-1940) and Samuel de Wolff, previously argued for the existence of 50- to 60-year cycles. However, only recently has the work of Wolff and Gelderen been translated from Dutch to reach a wider audience.

Was a Russian mathematician. Lobachevsky was born in Nizhny Novgorod, Russia. His parents were Ivan

Was a Russian mathematician. Lobachevsky was born in Nizhny Novgorod, Russia. His parents were Ivan Maksimovich Lobachevsky, a clerk in a landsurveying office, and Praskovia Alexandrovna Lobachevskaya.

Was a prominent Russian and Soviet botanist and geneticist best known for having identified the cent

Was a prominent Russian and Soviet botanist and geneticist best known for having identified the centres of origin of cultivated plants. He devoted his life to the study and improvement of wheat, corn, and other cereal crops that sustain the global populat